Female Authors In 1940s America English Literature Essay

Female Authors In 1940s America English Literature Essay The early forties in American history was a time in which people were less tolerant of anything outside of what society had deemed proper. As our country experienced many great tragedies-the injustice of which was the inspiration for many of Shirley Jacksons stories-Jackson emerged as one of the most controversial authors in American history. Female writers were still trying to make an impact on the literary world, and many literary outlets were critical of the work that women published. Jacksons style of writing challenged the conservative ways that were practiced by many in the 1940s and made her stories notable works of fiction. Jacksons use of irony, symbolism, and foreshadowing propel her stories forward and help to ensnare the reader into a theme of frightening yet alluring anecdotes, especially in her story The Lottery. Set in a small New England town, The Lottery is an ironic story of human injustice that perpetuates the archaic tradition of stoning one member of the community every year to guarantee a good harvest. Jackson uses irony to turn this seemingly innocent day of small town camaraderie into something much more sinister and horrific. The scene opens on a bright and sunny day with children gathered in the town square where their parents soon join them. There is a feeling of anticipation as the townspeople congregate in the center of town and begin to seek out the faces of those who have yet to arrive. When Mr. Summers, the grand master of the event, says, guess we better get started, get this over with, sos we can go back to work (Jackson 215), it is a form of verbal irony found throughout the story that gives the impression that this community event is extremely mundane and the villagers just want to complete the task and return to their work. Another character, Mrs. Hutchinson, comes onto the scene, obviously in a hurry fearing that she might be late. This occurrence leads the reader to believe that this is a coveted event, and everyone wants to be in attendance. The contrast in the meaning of these two statements makes it difficult to determine whether the crowd is excited about the event-as first implied by the atmosphere in the opening scene-or just ready to have it over and done with, so they can continue with their day. Jacksons use of symbolism is another tactic that she uses to create an uneasy feeling as the reader draws nearer to the climax of the story. For most of the story, the focus is on setting up the scene with the illusion of happy children playing and their parents joining them in the center of town. Jackson spends a great deal of time explaining the history of the lottery and the condition and preparation of the inauspicious black box that is being placed on a three legged stool by Mr. Summers. There is not much said about the actual lottery and what it represents nor is there much told about the emotions of the people until the drawing begins. In an article written by Joan Hall, the three legged stool could be interpreted as the Greek tripod of prophecy and the black box as a representation of Pandoras Box of woes. This interpretation gives a meaning to these two objects, providing the reader with an alternate interpretation or a new lens with which to view the events of The Lottery. There are many tactics that writers can use to delay the readers awareness of what is truly going on in the story. Jacksons purposefully vague use of foreshadowing makes the reader believe that one thing is happening, but as the story progresses, these small bits of information give the reader pause to contemplate the subtle hints of a more sinister reality. The hesitation of the men, when Mr. Summers asks, Some of you fellows want to give me a hand?(Jackson 214), shows that there is some trepidation about the box. Jackson is careful not to imply too much early on in the story that may give away the ending. The citizens of this small town come together and participate willingly in a tradition that they already know will result in the death of a friend or family member. Jackson cleverly disguises the hesitation that many of the townspeople must feel at the prospect of a loved ones death. The snipets of conversation going on around the scene seem to be casual and lighthearted, until th e conclusion of the story nears and the reader wonders if those instances are just nervous actions. Many of Jacksons stories were not published in her lifetime. Stanley Edgar Hyman-Jacksons husband-put together a collection of her unfinished works and published them one year after her death of heart failure in 1965 at the age of 45 (Bloom). Jacksons style of writing has, however, made her works significant and well- read because, as Janet Ball says in her biography of Ms. Jackson, whether the theme is dark or lightà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.she mastered the technique of presenting the ordinary in an extraordinary way. Jackson presents to the reader entertaining stories with attention-grabbing plots. The Lottery is one of the most controversial of Ms. Jacksons stories because of the explicit conclusion that shocks the reader and ends before the reality of what just happened is clear. The injustice that is the fate of Ms. Hutchinson depicts the thoughtless perpetuation of evil traditions that made The Lottery so widely read (Ball). Jackson has mastered the art of applying irony to her stories t o keep the reader guessing at the actual meaning of this vicious tale. The use of symbolism that Jackson utilizes to give the story a more in-depth meaning requires knowledgeable contemplation. Jackson provides a great deal of background information about the box and makes a point to let the reader see the reaction of the characters when asked to assist with the box. The most elusive of Jacksons techniques is her deliberately vague use of foreshadowing, which gives the story an illusion of a tranquil and normal setting, belying the wickedness of the reality that emerges at the tales shocking culmination.

Florida Football Players: Are They Students Athletes? Essay

Many schools look to create the number one colligate football team in their division. From The University of Alabama, The University of Louisiana, and even here, at The University of Florida, each program strives to develop something great by recruiting players to fill holes on the team, or simply make an overall impact. However, the individual’s academic performance is sometimes over looked based on the fact that they are able to catch a ball and run. Student athletes should not only be able to perform on the field and bring money into the institution, but they should also be capable of performing in the classroom. The University of Florida over emphasizes athletics and monetary benefits, thus causing most players to suffer academically. Florida football players are true athletes. Each athlete is expected to perform at their highest ability on game day. It’s no secret that most division one athletes are at the top of their recruiting class, and are usually the best tha t high school football has to offer. The recruiting process is based on the hope of delivery and a win on gameday. The University of Florida gained three number one football recruits in the 2013 season including Vernon Hargreaves III. Now looking forward to 2015, Florida has set its sights on Byron Cowart, the number one player in the nation according to ESPN. Most programs look for the best of the best, and invest in players that have the ability to play on the professional level. The University of Florida is well known for its award winning program, and their ability to produce professional players. They have succeeded in developing some of the most prominent players in the NFL to include Heisman-Trophy winner Tim Tebow and NFL Hall of Famer Jack Youngblood. The university has invested time and money into each of these individuals in hopes that they will perform on game day and continue to prove that they were the best decision for the program throughout their career. Florida football players are of great benefit to the university. Every game costs. For example, this season alone, The University of Florida had to pay for a  game that wasn’t even played. The university had to dish out almost one million dollars to The University of Idaho just for showing up and leaving. College football is a deeply loved sport that carries a large price tag. If an athlete is not delivering on the field, they are quickly pulled out so that they can reevaluate their strategy to win the game. Each athlete must deliver every game to ensure that money keeps flowing not only into the program, but into the school itself. The success of a colligate football program is based on the number of national titles the school holds, and their rankings in their division. Florida alone has won eight SEC championships, and three national titles, making them a dominant factor in the SEC. They have also been ranked the number one seed several times throughout the programs history. Gator football brings a lot of money to the institution and is an important part of the university. Florida football players however, carry a low emphasis on academics. At the University of Florida, and other big name institutions, academic exceptions are usually made on the behalf of each player during the admissions process. For example, here at the University of Florida, most football players scored 346 points lower on the SAT, than the regular students at the institution. This is equivalent to the gap between students at The University of Georgia versus those at Harvard University. Majority of players also had lower GPA’s of around 2.8 versus the student population of a 4.0 or higher coming out of high school. The University of Florida also does not possess a high graduation rate of their football players, specifically African-Americans. Florida only graduates about forty-nine percent of their football players each year, compared to the overall graduation rate of the institution at eighty-nine percent. This goes to show that Florida football players are being held to a higher standard as an athlete versus that of a student. Many do receive a tutor, for help with classes; unfortunately the tutors only do enough to see that the player remains eligible, rather than helping them excel as a student. According to many coaches, â€Å"it is the price of winning†. To develop the most competitive program in a division one sport, many institutions are devoted to the flexibility of admissions and grade forgiveness, for athletes. However, when did compromising an individual’s future become socially acceptable? As stated before, The University of Florida places a stronger emphasis on athle tics rather than education when  it comes to athletes. The school may be a desired look for most athletes, but is it really beneficial for them? Colligate football players here at The University of Florida are usually considered to be all around great players. Many are able to deliver on game day and often have a chance at going pro. The Gator football team brings in the most money out of every sport at the university. Therefore, they have earned much respect on the field and are one of the universities greatest assets. However, football players at The University of Florida are athlete students, not student athletes. The importance of academics is not stressed enough to the football players. There are some players who meet the university GPA and test score requirements, but a vast majority tend to fall short†¦ really short. Rather than challenging each athlete intellectually, the University of Florida ensures that all the athletes’ energy is geared towards sports. College is the foundation to the rest of a person’s life. Many apply to the University of Florida that are more than qualified to attend but are denied. Could this be an effect of a football team stacked with unfit applicants? This issue brings a deep concern to many and raises a question of fairness. We as a country have deemed it sociably acceptable to make exceptions for athletes out of our own greed to win and make money. We are not helping these athletes by passing them through classes just so they can play on game day. This is a hindrance and must be corrected. Whether it be through a program directed at colligate athletes to ensure their college success, or doing what is right and not admitting them at all as if they were a normal student, something needs to be done. The individual athletes overall future should be the most important aspect, and not creating a competitive program that brings in money. By continuing to admit these students and pass them through classes, we are not preparing them for their future careers, and therefore as a school system, we failed them. The price of winning is actually the price of failure.

Math Curriculum Plan of Study

High school math typically consists of three or four years of required credits along with additionally offered electives. In many states, the choice of courses is determined by whether the student is on a career or college preparatory path. Following is an overview of suggested required courses in a curriculum, for either a student going on a Career Preparatory Path or a College Preparatory Path along with electives one might find at a typical high school. Sample High School Career Preparatory Math Plan of Study Year One–Algebra 1 Major Topics: Real NumbersLinear EquationsSystems of EquationsExponentsPolynomials and FactoringQuadratic EquationsRadicals Year Two–Liberal Arts Math This course is intended to bridge the gap between Algebra 1 and Geometry by building on the students algebra skills to help them prepare for geometry.Major Topics: Exponents and RadicalsAlgebraic Expressions and PolynomialsLinear and Quadratic EquationsSystems of Linear Equations and InequalitiesCoordinate GeometryTwo-Dimensional FiguresProperties of congruent and similar trianglesRight TrianglesSurface Area and Volume Year Three–Geometry Major Topics: Length, Distance, and AnglesProofsParallel LinesPolygonsCongruencyArea Relationships and the Pythagorean TheoremCoordinate GeometrySurface Area and VolumeSimilarityIntroduction to Trigonometry and Circles Sample High School College Preparatory Math Plan of Study Year One–Algebra 1 OR Geometry Students who completed Algebra 1 in middle school will move directly into Geometry. Otherwise, they will complete Algebra 1 in ninth grade.Major Topics Included in Algebra 1: Real NumbersLinear EquationsSystems of EquationsExponentsPolynomials and FactoringQuadratic EquationsRadicals Major Topics Included in Geometry: Length, Distance, and AnglesProofsParallel LinesPolygonsCongruencyArea Relationships and the Pythagorean TheoremCoordinate GeometrySurface Area and VolumeSimilarityIntroduction to Trigonometry and Circles Year Two–Geometry or Algebra 2 Students who completed Algebra 1 in their ninth grade year will continue with Geometry. Otherwise, they will enroll in Algebra 2. Major Topics Included in Algebra 2: Families of FunctionsMatricesSystems of EquationsQuadraticsPolynomials and FactoringRational ExpressionsThe Composition of Functions and Inverse FunctionsProbability and Statistics Year Three–Algebra 2 or Precalculus Students who completed Algebra 2 in their tenth-grade year will continue with Precalculus which includes topics in Trigonometry. Otherwise, they will enroll in Algebra 2.Major Topics Included in Precalculus: Functions and Graphing FunctionsRational and Polynomial FunctionsExponential and Logarithmic FunctionsBasic TrigonometryAnalytic TrigonometryVectorsLimits Year Four–Precalculus or Calculus Students who completed Precalculus in their eleventh-grade year will continue with Calculus. Otherwise, they will enroll in Precalculus.Major Topics Included in Calculus: LimitsDifferentiationIntegrationLogarithmic, Exponential, and Other Transcendental FunctionsDifferential EquationsIntegration Techniques AP Calculus is the standard replacement for Calculus. This is the equivalent of a first-year college introductory calculus course. Math Electives Typically students take their math elective in their senior year. Following are a sampling of typical math electives offered in high schools. AP Statistics: this is the study of collecting, analyzing, and drawing conclusions from data.

Ptsd Is A Mental Health Problem - 1269 Words

PTSD in America’s Military is a silent obstacle that must be overcome by not only the veterans suffering from the disorder, but also by the American people. To discuss how Americans deal with PTSD, we must first understand what it is. PTSD stands for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, as defined by the Department of Veteran Affairs PTSD â€Å"is a mental health problem that some people develop after experiencing or witnessing a life-threatening event, like combat, a natural disaster, a car accident, or sexual assault.†(Department of VA). PTSD is a mental disorder that causes people to not behave as they normally would, due to them being â€Å"haunted† by some traumatic event that occurred. Some symptoms include: â€Å"recurring memories or nightmares of the event, sleeplessness, loss of interest, and feelings of numbness, anger or irritability, or being constantly on guard†(Make the Connection). 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